健康学龄前351名儿童25-羟维生素D水平及影响因素

Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D status and the influencing factors in 351 healthy preschool children

目的了解上海市学龄前儿童的维生素D水平并分析其影响因素,为防治该地区维生素D缺乏提供理论依据。方法随机抽取上海市浦东新区3家幼儿园共351名3~6岁学龄前儿童(男:185名,女:166名),采用液相色谱串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定测血清25-羟维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平,并通过标准问卷获得相关影响因素数据。结果受试学龄前儿童血清25-羟维生素D[25-(OH)D]的平均水平为(28.14±6.70) ng/ml。维生素D缺乏[25-(OH)D<20 ng/ml]为35例(10.0%),维生素D适宜水平(20~100 ng/ml)为316例(90.0%)。多因素分析结果显示维生素D制剂补充频率低及大年龄组(≥6岁)是学龄前儿童25-(OH)D缺乏的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄和维生素D制剂补充与学龄前儿童维生素D水平明显相关,大年龄组(≥6岁)儿童维生素D制剂补充率相对较低。针对目前学龄前儿童仍存在维生素D缺乏的情况,应该加强儿童保健的科普教育,结合个体情况提高维生素D的补充率,同时增加儿童户外活动,促进学龄前儿童健康。

Objective To investigate the levels of serum vitamin D and its influencing factors in preschool children in Shanghai,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in this area. Methods A total of 351 preschool children(185 boys and 166 girls) aged 3 to 6 years from 3 kindergartens in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,were randomly selected in this study.Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)D]levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) and the data of relevant influencing factors was obtained by standardized questionnaire. Results The average level of 25-(OH)D in preschool children was(28.1±6.7)ng/ml.Vitamin D deficiency(≤20 ng/ml) was observed in 35 children(10.0%),and 316(90.0%) children had optimal vitamin D level(20~100 ng/ml).Multivariate analysis showed that the low frequency of vitamin D supplementation and the older age(≥6 years old) were the risk factors of 25-(OH)D deficiency in preschool children(P<0.05). Conclusions Age and vitamin D supplementation have significant effect on Vitamin D levels of preschool children.The vitamin D supplement rate is relatively low in the older group(≥6 years old).Considering current vitamin D deficiency in preschool children,popular science education of children′s health care should be strengthened to increase the vitamin D supplementation rate in combination with the actual individual situation,as well as to increase outdoor activity time,thereby promoting the health of preschool children.