美国特殊儿童家庭倡导演进与能力发展模式

Families'Advocacy Evolution and Capacity Development Models for American Children with Disabilities

家庭倡导是父母参与的重要形式,家庭倡导在特殊儿童权利保障、特殊需要满足和支持服务获取方面具有重要意义,并为父母平等参与特殊儿童教育全过程奠定基础。在美国特殊教育领域家庭倡导发展的过程中,特殊儿童父母经历了从自发倡导运动到能力提升培养的家长参与发展。父母作为重要的家庭倡导成员,对其倡导能力的培养存在独立项目课程培养和联合项目课程培养两种模式。最后根据美国家庭倡导的发展为我国特殊教育发展提出三点建议。

Family advocacy is an important form of parental involvement.Family advocacy is of great significance in protecting the rights of children with disabilities,meeting special needs,and accessing supportive services.And it lays the foundation for parents to participate in the entire process of children’s education.In the process of American special education field’s family advocacy and development,parents of children with disabilities have experienced the involvement of parents from spontaneous advocacy campaigns to capacity development.As important family advocacy members,parents have two modes of cultivating their advocacy ability:independent project curriculum training and joint project training.This article concludes with three suggestions for the development of special education in China based on developments advocated by American families.