新疆吐鲁番产区‘美乐’葡萄成熟度指标体系研究

Maturity Index System of‘Merlot’Grape in Turpan Region of Xinjiang

为确定新疆吐鲁番产区酿酒葡萄的最佳采收期,对不同成熟期‘美乐’(Merlot,ML)果实和葡萄酒的基本理化指标和多酚指标进行测定,运用主成分分析和感官分析法确定果实中各项成熟指标的相关性,筛选对品质影响最大的指标,并确定最佳采收期。结果显示:8月14日及之后的葡萄达到技术成熟;8月28日的‘美乐’葡萄果皮、果籽、葡萄酒中酚类物质总量达到最高,且酿造的葡萄酒质量最佳;主成分分析筛选出一级指标总酸,二级指标皮总单宁,三级指标籽总酚的‘美乐’葡萄最佳采收期判定的指标体系;不同采收期‘美乐’果实主成分综合得分结果显示,8月28日的‘美乐’葡萄品质最好。可见,‘美乐’葡萄适宜在8月28日前后采收。

In order to determine the best harvest time of wine grapes in Turpan region of Xinjiang,the basic physical and chemical indexes as well as the polyphenols indexes of‘Merlot’(ML)grape in different mature periods were monitored,the principal component analysis and sensory analysis methods were used to determine the correlation of various maturity indexes in grapes,and the indexes having the greatest impact on quality were screened out for determining the best harvest time.The results showed that the grapes were technically mature on August 14th and later;the total amount of various phenolic substances in the skins,seeds and wine samples of‘Merlot’grape reached its peak on August 28,and the quality of the brewed wine was the best.The results of principal component analysis showed that the first-level index was acid,the second-level index was skin total tannins,and the seed total phenols of the third-level index were used as the index system for determining the optimal harvest period of the‘Merlot’grape;the results of comprehensive scores of the main components of‘Merlot’grapes in different harvesting periods showed that the quality of‘Merlot’grape on August 28 was the best.Therefore,‘Merlot’grape can be harvested around August 28.