建安士人德才观嬗变的逻辑进程——以曹操“求贤令”为视角

The Logical Process of the Evolution of Morality and Talent View about Scholars in Jian ’an——Based on Cao Cao’s Orders for Talents

汉代士人的德才观一直是重德轻才,士人形成了"尚名节"的风尚。然而在汉末建安时期,作为执政者的曹操颁布的三道"求贤令"使得士人的德才观发生了嬗变。士人的德才观逐渐从重德轻才、德才并立最后转变成了重才轻德的局面。这一嬗变过程所引起的一系列反应不仅给中国的伦理思想史带来深远的影响,也是影响魏晋时期社会历史进程的重要因素。

In the Han dynasty,the scholars’concept of virtue and ability always valued virtue more than ability,and they formed the fashion of"upholding reputation and integrity".However,in the Jian’an period of the Late Han Dynasty,Caocao,as the ruler,issued three"orders for talents",which led to the evolution of scholars’outlook on virtue and talent.The scholars’concept of virtue and ability gradually changed from emphasizing virtue over talent and virtue simultaneously to emphasizing talent over virtue.A series of reactions caused by this transmutation not only brought profound influence to the history of Chinese ethical thoughts,but also played an important role in the social and historical process of Wei and Jin Dynasties.