滴灌下不同氮肥用量对设施黄瓜产量、经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Amount on Yield and Economic Benefits of Facility Cucumber under Drip Irrigation

为减少化肥用量,实现优质高产,采用设施黄瓜田间小区试验法,以中农16号黄瓜为材料,设置4个氮水平处理,分别是0、138、276、414 kg/hm^2,分析了黄瓜产量、品质及经济效益。结果表明:黄瓜产量随着氮肥用量的增加先增加后降低,其中N276处理产量最高,为92 t/hm^2;黄瓜硝酸盐含量随着氮肥用量的增加也不断增加,其中N414处理的硝酸盐含量最高,为477 mg/kg;不同氮肥处理的黄瓜可溶性糖含量随着施氮水平的增加而增加,可溶性糖含量N276处理最高,达到5.3%。土壤硝态氮含量总体上随土层深度增大而减小,且硝态氮含量的减小幅度也随着土层深度的增加而减小,高施氮量显著提升了不同深度土层硝态氮含量。在本试验条件下,在施用12.7 t/hm^2商品有机肥的基础上,当氮肥用量为276 kg/hm^2时,设施黄瓜可获得最高产量、最佳品质及最大经济效益。

In order to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer and improve the yield and benefit,field plot trail was adopted and cucumber cultivar’Zhongnong No.16’was used as test material.Four different nitrogen levels(0,138,276,414 kg/hm^2)were set up and the yield,quality and economic benefits of cucumber under different N applications were investigated.The results showed that the yield of cucumber increased at first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.The yield of N276 treatment was the highest(92 t/hm^2).The nitrate content of cucumber increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount.The nitrate content of N414 treatment was the highest(477 mg/kg).The soluble sugar content of cucumber increased with the increase of nitrogen application level and that of N276 treatment was the highest,reaching 5.3%.The content of soil nitrate nitrogen decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the decreasing range of nitrate nitrogen content also decreased with the increase of soil depth.High nitrogen application significantly increased the content of nitrate nitrogen in different depths.Based on the commercial organic fertilizer 12.7 t/hm^2,the highest yield,the best quality and the biggest economic benefit could be obtained when the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 276 kg/hm^2.