克瑞森葡萄生命过程中关键土壤水势阈值的界定和调控

Definition and regulation of key soil water potential thresholds in the life process of Crimson seedless grapes

本试验通过长期监测盆栽克瑞森葡萄土壤水势,观察不同土壤水势条件下葡萄形态指标的变化,研究克瑞森葡萄生命过程几个关键土壤水势阈值,确定适宜的土壤水势范围和各生育期的土壤水势阈值。结果表明:克瑞森葡萄死亡水势低于-812.5 kPa,适宜水势范围在(-164.3 kPa^-86.8 kPa)^-10 kPa之间,奢侈水势范围在-10 kPa^0 kPa之间,亚健康水势在(-164.3 kPa^-86.8 kPa)^-10 kPa之间。各生育期适宜克瑞森葡萄的土壤水势不同,萌芽期土壤水势范围在-16.77 kPa^-10.70 kPa,新梢生长期在-19.39^-15.71 kPa,开花期在-18.31 kPa^-11.95kPa,果实膨大期在-67.25 kPa^-36.65 kPa,着色期在-70.56 kPa^-67.52 kPa,果实成熟期在-71.96 kPa^-65.89 kPa,有利于克瑞森葡萄生长发育。各生育期土壤水势日变化没有显著变化。研究葡萄关键水势阈值,及各个生育期土壤水势变化,可以为生产实践中灌溉制度的确定奠定基础。

By monitoring the soil water potential of potted Crimson seedless grapes for a long time and observing the changes of the morphological indexes of the grapes under different soil water potential conditions,this experiment studied several key soil water potential thresholds in the life process of the Crimson seedless grape,determined the appropriate water potential range and the soil water potential thresholds of each growth period.The results showed that the dead water potential was lower than-812.5 kPa,the suitable range of water potential was between-164.3 kPa^-86.8 kPa to-10 kPa,the luxury range was-10 kPa^0 kPa,and the sub-health water potential was between(-164.3 kPa^-86.8 kPa)^-10 kPa according to the definition of sub-health water potential.The response of soil water potential in different growth stages of Crimson seedless grape was different.The range of soil water potential was-16.77 kPa^-10.70 kPa in germination stage,-19.39^-15.71 kPa in shoot growth stage,-18.31 kPa^-11.95 kPa in florescence stage,-67.25 kPa^-36.65 kPa in expansion period,-70.56 kPa^-67.52 kPa in veraison period,and-71.96 kPa^-65.89 kPa in maturation period,which was good for the growth and development of Crimson seedless grape.There was no significant difference in the daily changes of soil water potential in each growth period.The study on the critical water potential threshold of grape and the change of soil water potential in each growth period can lay a foundation for the determination of irrigation system in production practice.