创新优势差异对科研团队创新过程风险的影响机制

Influence Mechanism of the Differences in Innovation Advantages on the Risk of Innovation Process of Scientific Research Team

科研团队具有跨区域、跨层次、多主体等特点,往往具有复杂性和不确定性,然而,以往研究成果对其风险识别存在缺口。从优势理论视角,揭示科研团队创新优势差异对创新过程风险的影响机制。采用扎根理论方法和探索性案例研究方法相结合方式,分析3个科研团队及其创新过程,提炼和识别其关键风险。研究结果表明:科研团队创新优势差异通过诱发个体参与风险、协同分工风险和目标互异风险,减弱创新协作与风险控制的效果。进一步而言,从个体角度看,个体参与风险体现在定位风险、行为风险、能力风险;从团队角度看,协同分工风险表现在成果分配风险、知识共享风险、成员关系风险;从组织角度看,目标互异风险体现在观念认同风险、任务复杂性风险、决策信息不对称风险。据此,从发挥个体优势和创新优势互补两方面给出创新管理的参考。

Scientific research team has the characteristics of cross regional,cross level and multi-agent,which is often complex and uncertain.However,there is a gap in the risk identification of scientific research team in the past.From the perspective of advantage theory,this paper reveals the influence mechanism of innovation advantage difference of scientific research team on process risk,analyzes three research teams and their innovation process by combining the grounded theory method and the exploratory case method,and then refines and identifies the key risks.The results show that the difference in innovation advantages weakens the effect of innovation cooperation and risk control by inducing individual participation risk,collaborative division risk and goal difference risk.Furthermore,from the perspective of individual,the risk of individual participation is embodied in the risk of positioning,behavior and ability;from the perspective of team,the risk of collaborative division of labor is manifested in the risk of achievement distribution,knowledge sharing and member relationship;from the perspective of organization,the risk of different objectives is reflected in the risk of concept identification,task complexity and decision-making information asymmetry.Based on the analysis,the paper gives some reference for innovation management from two aspects of making full use of individual advantages and complementing innovation advantages.