基于区块链技术的动力电池梯次利用研究

Echelon Utilization Scheme of Power Batteries Based on Blockchain Technology

随着我国电动汽车保有量持续增加,电动汽车动力电池精细化梯次利用成为亟待解决的难点问题。因动力电池缺乏全生命周期追溯、电池剩余性能不明确,导致电池梯级利用企业交易成本过高,无法精准对应目标应用场景。针对这些问题,设计基于区块链技术的动力电池梯次利用方案,建立具有共识机制的电池全生命周期信息存储链,梯次利用场景包括电动汽车服役场景、能源互联网储能场景、废弃电池提炼场景。基于区块链技术的方案能够实现去中心化、提高数据安全和经济性,显著降低动力电池梯级间的交易成本和检测成本,增加电池的剩余价值。模拟结果表明:按预计,我国2030年电动汽车将达1亿辆,因提高电池利用率,从用户处直接收购电池的方案增加总经济效益为1566亿元,通过第三方收购电池的方案增加收益为2528亿元,而通过基于区块链技术的方案增加收益为3879亿元,相比前两种方案增值分别约提高147.7%和53.4%。

With the continuous increase of the number of electric vehicles in China,the refined echelon utilization of electric vehicle power battery has become a difficult problem to be solved.However,due to the lack of full life cycle tracing of power battery and unclear residual performance of battery,the transaction cost of cascade utilization for enterprises is too high,and the target scenario cannot be accurately mapped.To solve these problems,this paper designs a power battery echelon utilization scheme based on blockchain technology,and establishes a battery life cycle information storage chain with consensus mechanism,and the chelon utilization scenarios include service scenarios of electric vehicles,energy storage scenarios of Energy Internet,and wasted battery refining scenarios.The scheme based on blockchain technology can realize decentralization,improve data security and economy,significantly reduce the transaction cost and detection cost between the steps,and increase the residual value of the batteries.The simulation results show that:according to the prediction,the number of electric vehicles in China will reach 100 million in 2030,due to the improvement of battery utilization rate,the revenue of the scheme of directly purchasing batteries by the users is 156.6 billion,the scheme of purchasing batteries by the third party is 252.8 billion,and the scheme based on blockchain technology is 387.9 billion,which is approximately 147.7%and 53.4%respectively higher than the former two schemes.