功能取向的法教义学:传统与反思

Function-oriented Legal Dogmatics:Tradition and Reflections

法教义学在中国面临着巨大争议。这种争议一方面源于对法教义学的刻板理解,另一方面源于法教义学面临复杂社会现实时所表现出的踯躅不前。对此,需要从法律系统功能入手,对法教义学所起到的功能进行观察,进而从方法论角度反思法教义学在封闭性与开放性之间所对应的方法应用。功能具有两个层面,一个是全社会意义上法律系统的功能,另一个是法律系统为实现社会目标而具有的功效。法律系统为实现其“稳定化规范预期”的功能,需同时实现冗余性和变异性,保证其独立运行的同时,还能实现与社会的相适性,在封闭性的基础上实现其开放性。冗余性和变异性分别对应着不同的方法体系,只有在功能定位的视野下,才能将具有异质性的方法体系融合到一起,统合在法教义学的框架之内。

Legal dogmatics(the science of legal doctrine)is faced with huge controversy in China.This controversy stems on the one hand from the stereotypica understanding of legal dogmatics and on the other hand from itsthe hesitation of legal dogmatics when facing complex social realities.To solve this controversy,it is necessary to start with the functions of the legal system,to observe the role played by legal dogmatics,and then reflect on the corresponding method application between the closedness and openness of legal dogmatics from the perspective of methodology.The function has two dimensions:one is the function of the legal system in the sense of the society at large,and the other is the function of the legal system aimed at achieving social goals.In order to realize its function of“stabilizing normative expectations”,the legal system needs to achieve both redundancy and variability and ensure its independent operation,while achieving compatibility with society and realizing its openness on the basis of closedness.Redundancy and variability correspond to different method systems.Only from the perspective of functional positioning can the heterogeneous method systems be harmonized with each other and integrated into the framework of legal dogmatics.