“写出自家锦心绣口”——金圣叹小说叙事理论关键概念命题研究之二

“Write out the Beauty in Your Heart”——A Study of the Key Conceptual Propositions of Jin Shengtan’s Narrative Theory

金圣叹认为,才子作者创作价值目标可指向外在的社会生活、作者自身、文本、读者。这四类不同层次相互补充的价值目标中,"娱人"说和"写出自家锦心绣口"说是金圣叹独特的理论概括和价值追求,意味着创作价值重心迥异于前人的根本转变,即从注重政治社会功利性转移到注重娱乐性,从注重作者转移到兼顾文本和读者,从对内容的追求转变为形式追求。"锦心绣口"创作价值目标的实质是小说之"文"即富于审美性的独特的形式追求,"锦心绣口""锦绣文章""文"三者作为创作价值目标相互间有层层递进的关系。"自家"一词对自我的强调使得金圣叹对"文"价值目标的追求充满着对才子作者自我个体价值、个性和独特存在的确认。

According to Jin Shengtan,the value goal of talented writers can point to the external social life,the authors themselves,the text and the readers.Among these four kinds of complementary value goals,the theory of“entertaining others”and the theory of“writing beauty in the heart”are Jin Shengtan’s unique theoretical generalization and value pursuit,which means that the focus of creative value is quite different from that of previous generations,that is,from the focus on political and social utility to focus on entertainment,from focus on the author to pay attention to both the text and the reader,from the content to the form of the pursuit.The essence of the value goal of“beauty in the heart”is the“form”of the novel,that is,the unique pursuit of aesthetic form,“The beauty in the heart”,“the article of Beauty”and“the form”as the value goal of creation have a layer upon layer progressive relationship with each other.The emphasis of the word“self”on the self makes Jin Shengtan’s pursuit of the value goal of“literature”is full of the recognition of the individual value,personality and unique existence of the talented writers.