考虑轮轨匹配的地铁车轮磨耗分析

Analysis of Subway WheelWear Considering Wheel-rail Matching

地铁车辆运营过程中,磨耗问题一直存在,而且曲线磨耗问题越来越严重,地铁轮轨匹配对运营安全和钢轨寿命有重要影响。首先建立地铁车辆动力学模型,随后采用Braghin磨耗模型,计算轨底坡、钢轨打磨和曲线参数对于车轮磨耗深度的影响。计算结果表明,LM踏面与60轨接触时1/20轨底坡其轮轨接触点分布均匀,而DIN5573踏面与60轨接触时1/20轨底坡会出现跳跃,1/40时轮轨接触点分布更加均匀。当选用LM踏面时,在直线上磨耗较大,曲线磨耗较小,1/20的轨底坡磨耗较小。选用DIN5573时,1/40轨底坡的磨耗较小。钢轨打磨可以减小车轮磨耗20%左右,同时选用较大的曲线半径和超高有助于减小车轮磨耗。

During the operation of subway vehicles,the wheel-rail wear problem always exists,and the curved section wear problem becomes more and more serious.Matching of wheel and rail of subways has an important impact on operational safety and rail lifespan.In this study,the dynamic model of the metro vehicle was established.The influence of the rail cant,rail grinding and curve parameters on the wheel wear depth was calculated using Braghin wear model.The calculation results show that when the LM tread is in contact with the 60#rail,the wheel-rail contact point of the 1/20 rail cant is evenly distributed;when the DIN5573 tread is in contact with the 60#rail,the 1/20 rail cant will jump and for the 1/40 rail cant,the distribution is more uniform.When the LM tread is selected,the wear is large on the straight track and is small on the curved track,and the wear is small on the track with 1/20 rail cant.When the DIN5573 tread is used,the wear on the track with 1/40 rail cant is small.Rail grinding can reduce the wheel wear by about 20%,while choosing a larger curve radius and super-elevation in the curved section is beneficial for wheel wear reduction.