输血不良反应发生与疾病类型及血液输入成分的相关性研究

Correlation between Adverse Reactions to Blood Transfusion and Disease Type and Blood Input Components

目的通过对输血不良反应发生与疾病类型及血液输入成分的相关性研究,为临床安全输血提供依据支持。方法根据医院信息管理系统提供的数据,2008年1月~2019年12月输血总人次为14958例,其中发生输血不良反应病例125例。分析其发生类型、输入血液成分、病种之间的关系。结果2008到2019年共发生输血不良反应125例,输血不良反应率为0.83%(125/14958),发热反应率最高,共62例(0.41%),其次为过敏反应51例(0.34%)。在输注成分中以单采血小板引起的输血不良反应发生率最高(1.47%,25/1696),其次为红细胞(0.96%,75/7538)、血浆(0.49%,25/5012),其它血液成分未见发生,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=8.0,52.16,13.52,均P<0.05);临床科室之间、病种之间、单次输血者和反复输血者之间输血不良反应发生率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=39.252,P<0.05)。结论输血科应加强临床科室的培训,提高医生对输血不良反应的认识判别能力,确保临床输血安全。

Objective To study the correlation between adverse reactions of blood transfusion and disease types and blood transfusion components,so as to provide basis and support for clinical safe blood transfusion.Methods According to the data provided by the hospital information management system,the total number of blood transfusion cases from January 2008 to December 2019 was 14958,including 125 cases of adverse reactions.The relationship among the occurrence type,blood components and disease types was analyzed.Results From 2008 to 2019,there were 125 cases of adverse reactions of blood transfusion,the adverse reaction rate of blood transfusion was 0.83%(125/14958),the fever reaction rate was the highest,62 cases(0.41%),followed by 51 cases of allergic reaction(0.34%).The incidence of adverse reactions to blood transfusion caused by single platelet in infusion components was highest(1.47%,25/1696),followed by red blood cells(0.96%,75/7538),plasma(0.49%,25/5012),and no other blood components were observed,with statistically significant differences(χ^2=8.0,52.16,13.52,all P<0.05).Conclusion The department of blood transfusion should strengthen the training of the clinical department,improve the doctor’s ability to recognize and identify the adverse reactions of blood transfusion,and ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.