从交互主观性看道歉语的主观化程度

On the Degree of Subjectivity of Apology from the Perspective of Intersubjectivity

根据语言交际理论,对现代汉语中道歉语的主观性程度和交互主观化进行了考察,分析了道歉语语义的变化发展轨迹,将道歉语言分为真性道歉、假性道歉和礼貌性道歉。道歉者所使用道歉语的主观性程度应与其冒犯的程度相匹配,由此道歉者和被道歉者双方才能产生良性的交互认知。从主观性的角度对现代汉语中的道歉语进行分析,有助于丰富现代汉语中道歉言语行为的研究,使汉语母语者更好地理解道歉言语行为,同时也为留学生习得并正确应用汉语中的道歉语提供一定的借鉴和帮助。

Based on the theory of language communication,this paper makes a study of apology in modern Chinese from the perspectives of subjectivity and intersubjectivity,and analyzes the changes and development of apology semantics,the apology language is divided into true apology,false apology and polite apology,and the degree of subjectivity of the apology used by the apologist should match with the degree of offence,therefore,both the person who apologizes and the person who is apologized can produce benign mutual cognition.It is helpful to enrich the study of apology speech acts in modern Chinese,and help Chinese native speakers better understand apology speech acts,and provide reference and help for Chinese learners to acquire different degrees of apology speech acts.