自给能中子探测器关键材料及元件的研制进展

Progress in the development of key materials and components forself-powered neutron detector

本文介绍了国内外自给能中子探测器的发展形势,详细分析了自给能中子探测器的结构特点、原理和应用,以及三代核电技术堆内核测系统的需求和使用寿命。阐述了自给能中子探测器用关键材料的国内外研制进展,重点分析了钒丝、铑丝和铠装信号电缆的制备工艺难点以及性能要求,阐明了钒丝、铑丝的高纯化与微量元素控制、尺寸精度与表面质量的稳定性、力学性能与加工性能的调控,以及铠装信号电缆的芯线、套管材料、绝缘材料的净化处理和变形加工。最后提出了自给能中子探测器材料与元件制造的应用潜力和研究方向。

The development situation of abroad and domestic nuclear power self-powered neutron detectors were elaborated closely.The structural characteristics,principle and application of self-powered neutron detector were introduced in detail,and the demand and operation life of the nuclear testing system of the third generation nuclear power reactor were analyzed.The development progress on the key materials of self-powered neutron detector at home and abroad was elucidated briefly.The main focus was on the analysis of the difficulties in preparation and performance requirements of vanadium wire,rhodium wire and armored signal cable.Moreover,the high purification and control of trace elements,the stability of dimensional accuracy and surface quality,and the control of mechanical properties and processing properties of vanadium wire and rhodium wire were expounded in some detail,as well as the purification and deformation processing of core wire,casing pipe material and insulation material of armored signal cable.The prefabricated ceramic column method was used to improve the high-temperature insulation performance of armored cable.Improvement of insulation performance of armored signal cable were analyzed.Finally,the potential applications and research directions on the materials and component manufacturing of self-powered neutron detector were also proposed.