基于文本挖掘的建筑施工高处坠落事故致因网络分析

Causation network analysis of the construction falling or collapsing accidents based on the text mining

为明确建筑施工过程中高处坠落事故的致因及其之间的联系,选取2012—2018年国内558例建筑施工高处坠落事故调查报告,借助文本挖掘和社会网络分析的方法,对事故报告进行分词处理、特征选择后,得到致因特征项、致因网络及致因集合,并利用词云和网络结构图等方法对结果进行可视化展示。结果表明,文本挖掘所得的28项致因中,7项致因位于致因网络的核心区域,基于该7项致因分别构建了致因集合,为建筑施工高处坠落事故的预控提供参考。

The present paper has collected 558 reports in investigating the construction fall-from-height accidents that have occurred from 2012 to 2018 in China.In the paper,we have cherished our goal and inclinations to identify and clarify the root causes of such falling accidents in the construction due to the internal multiplicity of correlated factors among them as the research corpus in combination with the context exploration through social network analysis.On the basis of processing the corpus by R,we have carried out a text feature items dimension reduction through the method of χ^2 statistics and displayed the results by a word cloud.According to the extracted 28 items and the co-occurrence computational matrix of such items,we have built up a co-occurrence network through a well-known Ucinet and Netdraw software in our paper.And,then,we have done the essentiality and the core-edge structure analysis to characterize the distribution features and the hierarchical structure of the network.And,finally,we have identified and determined the sets of the mutually related causes oriented on their strongly correlated causes to find the key ones.From the word cloud to be drawn,it can be clearly found that the entire distribution of the common construction falling accidents events,15 of them can be categorized as the core causes and 8 of them can be identified as the edge causes in the quoted reports.The analysis results of the above investigation can serve as indicative of the importance illustration of the cause item series to the network,signifying that poor safety awareness or inefficiency of the construction risk is the root cause that should be responsible for the above said accidents.A persuasive conclusion in the construction accidents is that the hazards involving such accidents can be accounted for and attributed to the poor safety awareness,misapplication of the protective equipment and facilities,inadequate inspection of the protective facilities,to the failure in timely inspection and rectification of the potential risk-leading equipment and installations,in addition to the operations against the needed rules or procedures.Therefore,in summery of our research insights from our corresponding comprehensive examination of the accidental causes,a strong and wholehearted concern and support for the safety of the construction builders should be provided to strengthen the construction workers’safety by the governmental authorities as well as the frontier construction company leaders.