基于冰山模型的长江危险品船船员素质评价指标体系构建

Building up quality evaluation index piles of crew members in charge of dangerous goods processing along the Yangtze River based on the iceberg model

为对长江危险品船船员素质进行客观、科学的评价,提高内河船员素质,以冰山模型理论为指导,通过行为事件访谈法和专家小组法,识别船员素质对安全的影响因素,形成了3个胜任力模块的长江危险品船船员素质模型。通过对该模型的分析,选取可行性和实用性指标,构建了长江危险品船船员素质评价指标体系,包含专业素质、职业素质、个人特质3个一级指标及专业知识、实操能力、服务资历等14个二级指标,结合层次分析法确定各评价指标权重,确定各评价指标对船员素质的重要程度。该评价指标体系的建立为长江危险品船船员素质提升提供了理论指导,从而减少人为因素造成的水上交通事故发生,促进长江航运安全发展。

This paper is to devote itself to an analysis of the influential factors on the safety of the crew members in charge of the dangerous goods shipment along the Yangtze River through a series of behavioral event interviews and expert group consultation.The chief goals of the behavior interviews may include visitors of 10 senior captains in charge of the transportation of the reckless and safeless goods,the chief engineers,the main officers and other managerial members.What we ask them to cooperate with is to describe in detail 3-4 impressive key events(including favorable results and unfavorable events)that may have a significant impact on their career lives.Actually,what they are invited to do is to explain the time,place,cause,action taken,the psychological experiences,the results and revelations of the events in their mind.And,finally,they would like to be invited to recall and summarize the abilities and qualities as a professional river transportation crew member.The expert group actually consists of 8 ship managers and managers of the crewmember training institutions as well as 8 managers of the maritime administration.According to our questionnaire program,they are required to list the most inland river dangerous goods in their own mind,and explain why they think the goods they illustrate dangerous,in addition to their competent features.And,later,the interview records have been edited and compiled into a booklet.And,then,through analysis and discussion,the components of the dangerous goods they have illustrated have been further examined.Based on the iceberg model theory,the quality model of the said safeless or dangerous goods have been discussed and reillustrated for the crew members to refer to.And,finally,through the analysis of the model,the feasibility and practical indicators have been further examined and chosen to build up a quality evaluation index for the river transportation administers to refer to.At the same time,the given paper has also provided for an analytic hierarchical process to determine the weights of the indicators,invites the experienced captains,management and training experts,as well as the professors to assign the index weights with AHP in the form of expert scoring and advice.Thus,our research can be in a position to provide valuable reference to the objective and scientific evaluation of the quality of the crew members in charge of the river’s dangerous goods.