中国旅游生态效率的空间关联网络结构及其影响因素研究

Research on spatial correlation network structure of China’s tourism eco-efficiency and its influencing factors

科学把握旅游生态效率的空间关联网络结构,不仅是落实生态文明体制改革的客观要求,也是实现旅游可持续发展的必然途径。以2008-2017年中国31省(市、自治区)为研究对象,采用Super-SBM模型对31省市的旅游生态效率进行测度,再基于社会网络分析法,引进修正的旅游生态效率空间网络模型,进一步对中国旅游生态效率的空间关联网络结构特征、机制及其影响因素进行深入探讨。结论表明:(1)研究期内,中国旅游生态效率整体网络结构关联强度不高,但呈上升趋势;整体网络关联性也不断增强,结构趋于稳健。(2)东部沿海发达省份在网络结构中处于中心位置,起着关键的"桥梁"作用;而东北及西北省份在网络结构中处于边缘地位。(3)产业结构、对外开放程度、经济发展水平、技术创新及空间邻接关系等因素对中国旅游生态效率空间关联均具有显著影响,其中空间邻接关系与对外开放程度对其影响最大。最后提出了促进中国旅游生态效率提高和各区域联动协作的针对性建议。

The scientific grasp of the spatial correlation network structure of tourism ecological efficiency is not only an objective requirement for implementing the reform of the ecological civilization system,but also an inevitable way to realize the sustainable development of tourism.Taking the 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)of China as the research object from 2008 to 2017,the Super-SBM model was used to measure the tourism eco-efficiency of the 31 provinces and cities.Based on the social network analysis method,a modified spatial network model of tourism eco-efficiency was introduced.The structural characteristics,mechanism and influencing factors of the spatial association network of China’s tourism ecological efficiency were further explored.The results are as follows.(1)During the study period,the overall network structure of China’s tourism eco-efficiency was not highly correlated,but it was on the rise;the overall network correlation was also continuously strengthened,and the structure became stable.(2)The developed eastern coastal provinces are at the center of the network structure and play a key‘bridge’role;the northeast and northwestern provinces are in marginal position in the network structure.(3)Factors such as industrial structure,degree of opening up,level of economic development,technological innovation,and spatial adjacency have a significant impact on the spatial correlation of China’s tourism eco-efficiency.Among them,spatial adjacency and the degree of openness have the greatest impact on it.Finally,it puts forward specific suggestions to promote the improvement of China’s tourism ecological efficiency and regional cooperation.