新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间华南海鲜批发市场鼠类应急监测与控制研究

Emergency monitoring and control of rodents in South China Seafood Wholesale Market during COVID-19 epidemic

目的通过对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情初期华南海鲜批发市场内鼠类的应急监测,掌握疫情期间市场内鼠类种群、密度及分布情况,为科学开展灭鼠工作,评估灭鼠效果提供依据。方法2020年1月采用夹夜法和鼠迹法监测华南海鲜批发市场内鼠类密度。利用Excel 2007和SPSS 23.0软件处理数据;捕获率采用趋势χ2检验,路径指数采用线性回归分析。结果夹夜法监测4次共捕获褐家鼠51只,平均捕获率为3.15%,4次捕获率分别为5.00%、3.95%、2.49%和1.22%。鼠迹法监测4次共发现鼠迹9处,鼠迹平均路径指数为1.73处/km,4次路径指数分别为3.85、2.31、0.77和0处/km;应急处置后鼠密度下降率分别为75.60%(夹夜法)和100%(鼠迹法)。结论应急监测显示华南海鲜批发市场内褐家鼠危害异常严重,应急处置显著降低了鼠类密度,为预防控制新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情提供了有力保障。

Objective To investigate the population,density,and distribution of rodents in South China Seafood Wholesale Market during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic through emergency monitoring in the early stage of epidemic,and to provide a basis for scientific rodent control and evaluation of deratization effect.Methods The night trapping method and the rodent trace method were used to monitor rodent density in January 2020.Results The night trapping method was performed four times and captured 51 Rattus norvegicus rats in total,with a mean capture rate of 3.15%,and the capture rates of the four times were 5.00%,3.95%,2.49%,and 1.22%,respectively.The rodent trace method was performed four times and detected a total of 9 rodent traces,with a mean route index of 1.73 traces/km,and the route indices of the four times were 3.85,2.31,0.77,and 0 traces/km,respectively.After emergency treatment,the reduction rate of rodent density was 75.60%for the night trapping method and 100%for the rodent trace method.Conclusion Emergency monitoring shows that R.norvegicus is extremely harmful in the South China Seafood Wholesale Market,and emergency treatment significantly reduced the density of rodents and thus provides a strong guarantee for the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.