大杜鹃雌鸟鸣声的日节律

Daily Vocal Pattern of Female Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus)

本文描述了三个地区大杜鹃(Cuculus canorus)雌鸟鸣声的日节律。通过在北京野鸭湖湿地公园(2017年5月7日至7月8日)、辽宁辽河口自然保护区(2018年6月28日至7月29日)和吉林大岗子林场(2018年5月17日至7月10日)分别布设自动录音机10台、10台和8台,连续记录繁殖季大杜鹃的鸣声。共录到2777次大杜鹃雌鸟的鸣叫。其中,1431次来自北京野鸭湖湿地公园,1222次来自辽宁辽河口自然保护区,124次来自吉林大岗子林场。野鸭湖湿地公园和辽河口自然保护区的大杜鹃雌鸟在日出时段出现鸣叫的高峰,而大岗子林场的大杜鹃在日出和日落时段各有一个鸣叫的高峰。通过比较大杜鹃雌鸟鸣声的日节律和大杜鹃产卵时间的日节律,本研究认为在上述地区大杜鹃雌鸟鸣叫的功能更可能是宣示领域和吸引异性,而非恐吓宿主。本研究有助于进一步了解大杜鹃雌鸟鸣声的功能。

In this study, the daily vocal pattern of female Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) were described.Recordings were made using 28 passive acoustic recorders during breeding season in Wild Duck Lake Wetland Park, Beijing(10 recorders, from 7 th May to 8 th July in 2017), Liaohe Delta Nature Reserve, Liaoning(10 recorders, from 28 th June to 29 th July in 2018), and Dagangzi Forest Farm, Jilin(8 recorders, from 17 th May to 10 th July).A total of 2 777 female calls(Fig.1) were detected, with 1 431 calls from Wild Duck Lake Wetland Park, 1 222 calls from Liaohe Delta Nature Reserve, and 124 calls from Dagangzi Forest Farm.The females in Wild Duck Lake Wetland Park and Liaohe Delta Nature Reserve showed a similar pattern of daily vocal activity, reaching a sharp peak in the dawn(Fig.2 a, b);while females in Dagangzi Forest Farm showed two peaks of daily vocal activity, with peak activity occurring around early morning and dusk(Fig.2 c).Through comparing these daily vocal patterns with daily egg-laying pattern(Fig.2 d), we suggest that the function of female call in the study populations is to advertise territory and attract mates, rather than misdirect host defenses.This study helps to understand the function of the female Common Cuckoo call.