烟草连作障碍与土壤理化性质及微生物多样性特征的关联

Effect of soil physical and chemical properties and microbial community on continuous cropping obstacles in tobacco field

【背景】烟草是我国最重要的经济作物之一,其忌连作的特点严重影响了我国烟草产业的发展。【目的】通过研究烟草连作障碍、土壤理化性质和微生物多样性特征的关系,为解决烟草连作障碍问题、制定有效的烟草生产技术提供理论基础。【方法】选择连作障碍严重烟田和克服连作障碍烟田作为研究对象,基于高通量测序技术,探究烟田连作障碍情况、烟田理化性质与土壤微生物多样性的联系。【结果】克服连作障碍的烟田土壤pH、总氮和有机质含量显著高于连作障碍严重的烟田土壤,克服连作障碍烟田和连作障碍严重烟田土壤微生物多样性之间不存在显著差异,但土壤微生物优势群落发生了显著改变,烟田土壤的pH、有机质、有效磷、总氮都与微生物群落显著相关。【结论】烟田克服连作障碍的差异,可能与烟田土壤的理化性质以及微生物组成的差异有关,此研究为解决湘西烟区连作障碍问题提供理论基础和技术支持。

[Background] Tobacco is one of the most important economic crops in China, and its characteristics of avoiding continuous cropping have seriously affected the development of tobacco industry in China. [Objective] The relationship between tobacco continuous cropping obstacles, soil physical and chemical properties and microbial diversity was studied to provide a theoretical basis for solving tobacco continuous cropping obstacles and formulating effective tobacco production techniques. [Methods] Tobacco fields with serious continuous cropping obstacles and tobacco fields that overcome continuous cropping obstacles were selected as research objects. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, the relationship between continuous cropping obstacles, physical and chemical properties of tobacco fields and soil microbial diversity was studied. [Results] The contents of pH, total nitrogen and organic matter in tobacco fields overcoming continuous cropping obstacles were significantly higher than those in tobacco fields with serious continuous cropping obstacles. There was no significant difference in soil microbial diversity between tobacco fields overcoming continuous cropping obstacles and serious continuous cropping obstacles, but soil microbial dominant communities changed significantly. pH, organic matter, available phosphorus and total nitrogen in tobacco soil were significantly correlated with microbial community. [Conclusion] The difference of overcoming the obstacle of continuous cropping in tobacco field may be related to the difference of soil physical and chemical properties and microbial composition in tobacco field. This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for solving the problem of continuous cropping obstacles in Xiangxi tobacco area.