吸烟对健康人群唾液微生物组的影响

Effect of smoking on salivary microbiome

【背景】吸烟是重要的公共健康问题,可能通过改变唾液微生物组影响口腔健康甚至全身健康。【目的】探究吸烟对中国健康人群唾液微生物组的影响,为研究吸烟在疾病发展中的作用提供线索。【方法】收集167位健康个体的唾液样本,利用HiSeq高通量测序技术对样品中16S rRNA基因V3-V4区进行测序,分析比较吸烟者和非吸烟者的唾液微生物组的多样性、群落结构和物种丰度,并预测功能组成,探究吸烟对唾液微生物组的影响。【结果】吸烟对唾液微生物组的α多样性影响较小,但是在微生物组组成上,吸烟组中奈瑟菌属、艾肯菌属、二氧化碳嗜纤维属等细菌明显减少,而普雷沃氏菌属、韦荣氏球菌属、放线菌属、奇异菌属和巨球型菌属等细菌明显增加。在功能上,PICRUSt的预测结果显示吸烟组富集不依赖氧气的代谢功能,非吸烟组富集需要氧气参与的代谢功能。【结论】吸烟可能会通过改变唾液微生物组,造成微生物组功能途径的变化,进而引发与吸烟相关的疾病。

[Background] Smoking has become one of the foremost public health problem, which may affect oral health and even host health by changing the salivary microbiome. [Objective] To study the effects of smoking on the salivary microbiome of healthy Chinese people, and to provide enlightenment for the role of smoking in disease-development. [Methods] We collected saliva samples from 167 healthy volunteers, using high-throughput HiSeq sequencing technology for sequencing 16 S rRNA gene sequence in the V3-V4 region of samples to research the salivary microbiome of current smokers and never smokers. [Results] The α diversity of the salivary microbiome did not show a significant difference between current smokers and never smokers. However, the relative abundance of the genera Neisseria,Eikenella and Porphyromonas reduced in current smokers, whereas the genera Prevotella, Veillonella, Atopobium, Actinomyces and Megasphaera were significantly increased. Functional analysis from PICRUSt showed that decreased abundance of aerobic metabolism pathways and increased abundance of oxygen-independent carbohydrate metabolism pathways in current smokers. [Conclusion] Smoking is a factor influencing salivary microbiome, and then potentially leading to the shifts in functional pathways with implications for smoking-related diseases.