有氧运动呼吸操联合营养干预对尘肺合并COPD患者肺功能的影响

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Breathing Exercise Combined with Nutritional Interventionon the Lung Function of Patients with Pneumoconiosis and COPD

目的探讨有氧运动呼吸操联合营养干预对尘肺合并慢性阻塞型肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的影响。方法选取2017年1月~2019年1月我院收治的95例尘肺合并COPD患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组47例和观察组48例。对照组采用尘肺合并COPD常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予有氧运动呼吸操联合营养干预,比较两组6 min步行距离(6MWT)、体重指数(BMI)、临床疗效相关指标、营养指标、肺功能。结果干预后4周,观察组6MWT与BMI优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组ALB、PA及MNA-SF评分优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组住院时间、3个月内再住院率、CAT评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组FEV1、FVC、PaCO2优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论有氧运动呼吸操联合营养干预能有效改善尘肺合并COPD患者6MWT、BMI、营养指标,减少患者住院时间与再次住院率,降低疾病对患者造成的影响,并改善患者肺功能。

Objective To explore the effect of aerobic exercise and breathing exercise combined with nutritional intervention on the lung function of patients with pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 95 patients with pneumoconiosis and COPD who were admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects.According to the random number table,they were divided into control group 47 cases and observation group 48 cases.The control group received routine care for pneumoconiosis combined with COPD,and the observation group was given aerobic exercise and breathing exercises combined with nutritional intervention on the basis of the control group.The two groups were compared with 6 min walking distance(6MWT),body mass index(BMI),clinical efficacy-related indicators,and nutritional indicators,lung function.Results 4 weeks after the intervention,6MWT and BMI of the observation group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group's ALB,PA and MNA-SF scores were better than the control group(P<0.05);The length of stay in the observation group,rehospitalization rate within 3 months,and CAT score were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group FEV1,FVC,PaCO2 were better than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Aerobic exercise and breathing exercise combined with nutritional intervention could effectively improve 6MWT,BMI,and nutritional indicators of patients with pneumoconiosis and COPD,reduce the length of hospitalization and readmission rate,reduce the impact of disease on patients,and improve the lung function of patients.