循环肿瘤DNA在胃癌中的研究进展

Research Progress of Circulating Tumor DNA in Gastric Cancer

胃癌是最常见的严重危害人类健康的恶性肿瘤之一。组织病理是胃癌诊断的金标准,但其在肿瘤发展、预后和基因分型的评估中存在局限性。近年来,液态活检因具有无创、实时检测和早于影像学检查结果等优点得到了广泛应用。液态活检由于简便且能提供丰富的肿瘤细胞信息而成为研究的热点。循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)是肿瘤细胞释放到血液中的单链或双链DNA,含有原发肿瘤的突变基因。ctDNA在胃癌中的应用成为近年的研究热点,在胃恶性肿瘤的预后评估、疗效及肿瘤负荷监测等方面有广阔的应用前景。

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors that seriously endanger human health.Histopathology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of gastric cancer,but it has limitations in the evaluation of tumor development,prognosis and genotyping.In recent years,liquid biopsy has been widely used because of its advantages of noninvasiveness,real-time detection and earlier than imaging results.Liquid biopsy has become a research hotspot because of its simplicity and abundant tumor cell information.Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)is a single or double stranded DNA released from tumor cells into the blood,which contains mutated genes of the primary tumor.The application of ctDNA in gastric cancer has become a research hotspot in recent years,which has a very broad application prospect in the prognosis evaluation,curative effect and tumor load monitoring of gastric cancer.