传染病命名问题纵谈

Discussion on the Naming of Infectious Diseases

运用数据统计、定性分析、文献分析等方法,讨论我国传染病的命名方式、命名原则与命名过程,并对新冠肺炎的命名进行评析和给出建议。研究发现,我国法定传染病命名方式有病原学命名、流行病学命名、临床病学命名、借词命名、编序命名等,其中临床病学命名数量最多;我国法定传染病名称多由几种命名方式组合或交叉构成。传染病命名应遵守准确性、层次性、能产性、单义性、简明性、稳定性等术语学既定原则,另需重视和谐性、得体性两个原则。通过回溯传染性非典型肺炎的命名过程可知,传染病命名应允许名称的合理变动,区分不同命名主体的作用,国家卫生行政部门应慎重确立法定名称。

This paper summarized Chinese naming principles,nomenclature and naming process of infectious diseases through statistical analysis,qualitative analysis and literature analysis.The naming of COVID-19 was also evaluated and related suggestions were put forward.The naming methods of notifiable infectious diseases in China include pathology nomenclature,epidemiology nomenclature,clinical nomenclature,loanword nomenclature,sequence nomenclature,etc.,and among them,the names using clinical nomenclature are the most.Many names of notifiable infectious diseases in China is named in several ways or a combination of cross-constituted.The nomenclature of infectious diseases should abide by the existing terminology principles of accuracy,hierarchy,productivity,unambiguity,conciseness,stability,and should pay attention to harmony and appropriateness.The naming process of SARS shows that reasonable changes should be allowed,and the role of different naming subjects should be different,and the determination of legal names should be cautious.