江苏海洋资源环境承载力监测预警机制研究

Study on Monitoring and Pre-warning Mechanism of Marine Resources and Environmental Carrying Capacity in Jiangsu Province

海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警机制是海洋经济发展和海洋安全的重要基础,对优化国土开发空间、实现区域可持续发展有着重要意义。江苏海洋资源环境承载力的现状不容乐观且存在诸多问题:海洋空间资源承载力不均衡,岸线和海域资源利用效率不高;海洋环境部分超载,苏北浅滩长期处于亚健康状态;海洋生物多样性指数呈下降趋势,滨海自然湿地减少;海洋灾害较频发,生态环境风险增大。在此基础上提出江苏海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警机制的对策:一是以资源环境承载力为“底线”统筹各类规划;二是健全海洋生态补偿机制;三是建立长三角一体化联防联控监测预警体系;四是强化自然资源资产管理与追责。

The monitoring and pre-warning mechanism of marine resources and environmental carrying capacity is an important basis for marine economic development and marine security,which is of great significance for optimizing land development space and realizing regional sustainable development.The present situation of the carrying capacity in Jiangsu is not favorable:the unbalanced capacity,the insufficient utilization of shoreline and sea area resources,overdevelopment of marine environmental resources,and the deteriorating conditions of the shoals in northern Jiangsu,the declining index of marine biodiversity,shrinking coastal wetlands,frequent marine disasters,and rising eco-environmental risks.Therefore the monitoring and pre-warning mechanism is of vital importance.We must coordinate the planning according to the carrying capacity of environment resources;improve the compensation mechanism of marine ecological resources;establish an integrated monitoring and pre-warning system for joint prevention and control in the Yangtze River Delta;strengthen the management of natural resources.