激活民间文化资源的艺术实践--以1990年代以来乡土小说中的中国式“荒诞叙事”为例

Artistic Practice to Activate Folk Culture Resources:Chinese Absurd Narrative in the Local Novels since the 1990s

1990年代以来,从事乡土小说创作的作家开始“撤退”和“回归”之旅,他们纷纷埋头于民间文化的深井里,打造了独特的中国式“荒诞叙事”。一方面,民间文化尤其是乡村巫鬼传说、神话故事或民间灵异事件等作为素材被直接嵌入小说,构成“荒诞叙事”。另一方面,民间文化特别是地域文化中的神秘因子,影响着作家的思维方式、文学视角和审美理想,改变了他们的时空观、自然观与生命观,以及他们讲故事的方法。民间文化资源中吊诡邪魅的现象还对作家的真实观施加了作用力,促使他们重新阐释现实、真实、生活等命题,从而导致他们呈现乡土中国的方式发生变化。可以说,在对民间文化资源的打捞、激活或转化中,作家们打造了新式乡土形象,积累了当代中国经验,照亮了乡土小说创作的另一条通道。

The local writers have focused on absurd narrative of Chinese folk culture since the 1990s.The narrative is characterized by the elements of ghosts,folk culture,especially the fairy tales and paranormal events,which in turn shape the way of thinking,perspective of observation and aesthetic ideals,as well as the outlook of history,nature and life.These elements prompt them to refresh their interpretation of reality,truth and life.The writers developed the local images and narrative skills by discovering,activating and transforming folk cultural resources.