空间太阳电池阵技术现状及发展趋势

Recent research and developing trend of space solar array technology

在对空间太阳电池阵发展及应用情况进行回顾的基础上,总结了刚性、半刚性、柔性太阳电池阵的技术特点及工程应用情况。传统刚性、半刚性太阳电池阵质量比功率及体积比功率较低,无法满足未来航天任务对太阳电池阵轻质量、小收纳体积的需求。采用柔性电池、柔性基板及柔性伸展机构的全柔性太阳电池阵,质量比功率预计可达200 W/kg以上,体积比功率可达40 kW/m^3以上,较传统太阳电池阵有大幅提升,是未来空间用太阳电池阵的重要发展方向。基于未来应用需求及国内外技术现状,对全柔性太阳电池阵亟待解决的柔性电连接、柔性组件封装、高性能伸展机构等关键技术进行了分析,提出了可行的技术攻关方案,为后续全柔性太阳电池阵的研制及应用提供参考。

The development and application of space solar array were reviewed,the technical characteristics and engineering application of different types of solar array were summarized,including rigid solar array,semi-rigid solar array,and flexible solar array.The traditional rigid solar cell array and semi-rigid solar array could not meet the needs of future space missions limited to its low power/mass ratio and power/volume ratio.The flexible solar cell array with flexible substrate had specific power/mass ratio of more than 200 W/kg and power/volume ratio up to 40 kW/m^3,which were greatly improved compared with the rigid solar cell array.Therefore,flexible solar array becomes an important development direction in the future.Based on the future application demand and the technology status in China and abroad,the key technologies of all flexible solar array,such as flexible electrical connection,flexible component packaging,high-performance extension mechanism,were analyzed,and feasible technical solutions were put forward,which could provide reference for the development and application of all flexible solar array.