全面小康目标下“三农”领域的挑战和优化路径

Challenges and optimized paths for China’s“agriculture,rural areas and farmers”under the goal of comprehensive well-off society

2020年中央一号文件指出,今年是全面建成小康社会目标实现之年,是全面打赢脱贫攻坚战收官之年,要确保脱贫攻坚圆满收官,确保农村同步全面建成小康社会。本文立足现阶段我国“三农”领域发展成就,着重剖析近年来“三农”领域较为突出的新型挑战和风险,并提出解决对策和优化路径。研究表明,近年来我国粮食产量稳步提升,农民可支配收入不断增加,脱贫攻坚成效显著,农村人居环境明显改善,农村各项改革逐步深入。但是,我国农产品保供存在压力、农民持续增收困难较大、精准扶贫仍面临一定挑战、农村部分改革方案有待优化、基础设施建设方案尚需完善、公共服务难题亟待解决。因此,未来需深化农业供给侧结构性改革、不断拓宽农民增收渠道、提升巩固脱贫攻坚成果、不断优化农村各项改革方案、因地制宜推进基础设施建设、推进公共服务提档升级,从而实现全面小康。

The“No.1 Central Government Document of 2020”states that 2020 is an important year for achieving the goal of building a comprehensive well-off society,and the critical year to win the battle against poverty.It must be ensured that poverty alleviation be successful,and a comprehensive well-off society be established completely at the same time.Based on the existing development,it is of great practical significance to analyze the emerging challenges and risks in the field of agriculture,rural areas and farmers in recent years,and to put forward the solutions and optimization paths.Results show that in China grain output has been steadily increasing,farmers’disposable income has been growing,the poverty has been alleviating remarkably,the living environment in rural areas has been improving continuously,and various rural reforms have been deepening gradually.However,there are still pressures to ensure the supply of agricultural products,to augment farmers’income,and to achieve successful poverty alleviation.In addition,other challenges also impose additional pressures,including rural reform plan to be optimized,the infrastructure construction plan to be improved,and the public service function to be enhanced.Therefore,to achieve the goal of developing a comprehensive well-off society in the future,it is still necessary to continuously promote the agricultural supply-side structural reform,to increase the income of farmers continuously,to consolidate the fulfillment of poverty alleviation,to overcome various shortcomings,and to promote the upgrading of public services.