开发区、资源配置与宏观经济效率——基于中国工业企业的实证研究

Development Zone, Resource Allocation and Macroeconomic Efficiency——Empirical Research Based on Chinese Industrial Enterprises

本文基于资源错配理论,实证检验中国开发区的设立对企业要素配置效率的影响,测算要素配置效率变化产生的宏观经济效应。研究发现,设立开发区的区县,企业资本投入不足的情况得到缓解,但企业劳动过度投入的情况更加严重。从单一投入要素来看,通过影响资本和劳动投入效率带来的总量经济效应分别为1.5%和-1.24%。总体上,开发区通过企业资源配置改善了宏观经济效率,综合二者的影响,开发区的设立使总量生产率年均提升1.52%。

Based on the theory of Hsieh and Klenow(2009),we empirically examine the impact of the establishment of the development zone on the efficiency of the allocation of enterprise elements,and measure the macroeconomic effects of changes in the efficiency of factor allocation.We find that:(1)In the districts where the development zones were established,the situation of insufficient capital investment by enterprises was alleviated,but situation of excessive labor input of enterprises more serious.(2)In general,the development zone has improved macroeconomic efficiency.From the perspective of a single input factor,the total economic effects brought about by the impact of capital and labor input efficiency are 1.5%and-1.24%,respectively.The total productivity was increased by an average of 1.52%annually.