新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下深圳市宝安区社区防疫人员心理健康状况及影响因素研究

Status of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms and Its Influencing Factors among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Community Prevention and Control Staff:A Cross-Sectional Study in Bao'an District of Shenzhen,China

目的了解深圳市宝安区社区防疫人员焦虑、抑郁现状,并分析其影响因素,为提出针对性干预措施提供依据。方法利用自行设计的问卷,通过便利抽样对深圳市宝安区社区防疫人员进行问卷调查,了解其焦虑、抑郁症状发生情况,并采用多因素线性回归模型分析其影响因素。结果共调查1525名社区防疫人员,其中医务人员772人,非医务人员753人。研究对象的焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)评分为41.27±9.64分,焦虑症状发生率为16.00%;抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS)评分为49.82±11.11分,抑郁症状发生率为51.41%。t检验结果显示,在社区防疫人员中,非医务人员SAS和SDS评分显著高于医务人员。多因素分析结果显示,自评健康情况较差(β=10.57)、家庭人均年收入较高(β=1.92)的社区医务人员和深圳户籍(β=-1.54)、自评健康较差(β=13.01)的社区非医务人员更倾向于具有更高的SAS评分;非深圳户籍(β=1.91)、自评健康情况较差(β=12.45)、教育程度较低(β=-5.57)的社区医务人员和年龄小(β=-0.17)、深圳户籍(β=-2.28)、教育程度较低(β=-3.80)、自评健康情况较差(β=9.57)、家庭人均年收入较低(β=-5.15)、近距离接触防控对象(β=2.28)的社区非医务人员更倾向于具有更高的SDS评分。结论深圳市宝安区社区防疫人员焦虑、抑郁症状发生率较高,社区非医务人员相较医务人员更易产生焦虑、抑郁症状,应及时组建心理辅导小组进行有针对性的干预和管理,以避免社区防疫人员焦虑、抑郁症状进一步发展,从而达到改善社区防疫人员心理健康状况的目的。

Objective To evaluate the status of anxiety and depression symptoms and its associated factors among the COVID-2019 community prevention and control staff in Bao'an district of Shenzhen in China.Methods A survey using convenience sampling method and self-designed questionaire was conducted to investigate the status of anxiety and depression symptoms.A multiple linear regression model was used to identify the factors associated with anxiety and depression symptoms of the community prevention and control staff.Results 1525 community prevention and control staffs were recruited,including 772 medical staff and 753 non-medical staff.The average score on Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)was 41.27±9.64,and the incidence of anxiety symptom was 16.00%.The average score on Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)was 49.82±11.11,and the incidence of depressive symptoms was 51.41%.The results of t test showed that the SAS and SDS score of non-medical staff were significantly higher than medical staff.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the medical staff who were with poor self-rate health status(β=10.57),had higher family income(β=1.92)and non-medical staff who were with the local registration(β=-1.54),of poor self-rate health status(β=13.01)were more likely to have a higher SAS score.And the medical staff who had non-local registration(β=1.91),poor self-rate health status(β=12.45),lower education level(β=-5.57)and non-medical staff with younger age(β=-0.17),local register(β=-2.28),lower education level(β=-3.80),poor self-rate health status(β=9.57),lower family income(β=-5.15),closely contact with work objects(β=2.28)were more likely to have a higher SDS score.Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of community prevention and control staffs in Bao'an district of Shenzhen was high,of which,non-medical staff were more prone to have anxiety and depression symptoms than medical staff.Targeted intervention should perform to improve the mental health of community prevention and control staffs.