满汉文化融合背景下的乡俗叙事——以辽东岫岩太平鼓烧香仪式音声为例

The Musical Narration in the Background of the Fusion of Manchu and Han Cultures

辽东岫岩太平鼓烧香仪式及其音声具有稳定的汉族文化内核,与中原汉族传统傩祭、汉唐香卷一脉相承,是中原文化在辽东发生同源变异、因土成俗的物化表征;仪式中“吟诵与歌唱结合”“单鼓与腰铃并用”的音声环境、颇具乡土意味的曲调个性,则是区域民众对东北民族信仰传统的承袭与固守。辽东岫岩烧香仪式印证着中原汉族文化与东北满族文化长期的交融互渗,仪式中曲调特质及外显形态实证着汉族傩文化与北方萨满文化的互补融合,是辽东满汉民族具有认同性的“文化共相”。

This paper puts the taipinggu incense burning ceremony in Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County of Liaodong in the regional cultural background of the integration of Manchu and Han,reads and interprets the content,structure,music and tonality of the taipinggu incense burning ceremony,analyzes the Manchu and Han cultural characteristics in the ceremony,and explores the cultural integration and ethnic characteristics formed in the long-term communication between the Manchu and Han nationalities.It is pointed out that the burning ceremony of taipinggu in Xiuyan,Liaodong,has a stable core of Han culture,which is the same as the traditional Nuo sacrifice and incense roll of Han and Tang Dynasties in the Central Plains.It is the physical and chemical characterization of the Central Plains culture that has the same source of variation in Liaodong and has become popular due to the local conditions.The musical form of"drum and waist bell"and the characteristic of local tunes in the ceremony are the regional people's inheritance of the belief tradition of northeast ethnic groups.