基于实测分析的当代琵琶三律共存形态研究

Research on the Coexistence Form of the Three Temperaments of the Contemporary Pipa based on the Analysis of Field Survey

以当代琵琶为研究对象,从音乐实践入手,对琵琶的定品律制,单音分音列音程律制和律制协和感进行了分析。实验结果表明,虽然琵琶按照十二平均律进行相品的排布,但是测试结果发现琵琶并非十二平均律乐器。在音乐实践中,琵琶存在三律共存的形态,而且品位越高,偏离理论数值越大,这与人耳的听音“偏差曲线”有关。律制协和感表明,被试无法觉察十二平均律和五度相生律的所有音程理论音分差,但是可以分辨纯律与十二平均律的部分音程理论音分差。

This article takes the contemporary Pipa as the research object and analyzes the temperament system it uses.The experimental results show that although the xiang and pin of Pipa are built according to the equal temperament,the test results show that Pipa is not an equal temperament instrument.In music practice,Pipa has three temperaments coexisting,and the higher the grade,the greater the deviation from the theoretical value,which is related to the"deviation curve"of human hearing.