作为学科学、学术史的民族音乐学发展史——《音乐民族志方法导论:以中国传统音乐为实例》教学与辅导之三

The Academic Purpose,Discipline Nature,and Theoretical Significance of the Research on the Developmental History of Ethnomusicology(part 3)for An Introduction to the Methods of Music Ethnography:Taking Chinese Traditional Music as an Example

民族音乐学学术发展史与学科学兼有隶属关系和互补关系。其研究目的之一是从历时性角度去讨论和认识民族音乐学的学术特点和性质,以为该学科学者和学子提供正确的研究思路和学习方法。故有必要从讨论民族学与民族音乐学的历史渊源关系入手,去了解民族音乐学发展史的学科性质和理论意义。从学科性质看,主要涉及65个方面:民族音乐学学术发展史是学科学或学术史,而非一般的艺术史或音乐史;是学科方法论发展史,而非一般的学术史概述;该课题也是民族学与民族音乐学的跨学科交融史;其学术意图之一是“把音乐的目光投向人”;既是“单数”“大写”的学科学,亦是“小写”“复数”的学术史。从学术史的角度看,学科学的“观念、行为、产品”学术框架和“观念、学统、方法”方法论范式层框架,都是在民族学与民族音乐学长期发展和学术交融过程中逐渐形成的。

The academic development history of ethnomusicology and the disciplinary theory have both subordinate and complementary relations.One of the purposes of the study is to discuss and understand the academic characteristics and nature of ethnomusicology from a diachronic perspective,so as to provide the correct research ideas and learning methods for the scholars and students of this discipline.Therefore,it is necessary to discuss the historical relationship between ethnology and ethnomusicology to understand the disciplinary nature and theoretical significance of ethnomusicology.From the perspective of the nature of the discipline,it mainly involves five aspects:the academic development history of ethnomusicology is the discipline theory or the history of academic science,rather than the general history of art or music;it is the development history of discipline methodology rather than the general overview of academic history;the subject is also the history of interdisciplinary integration of ethnology and ethnomusicology;one of its academic aims is to"turn music's attention to people";It is not only the science of"singular"and"capital",but also the academic history of"small"and"plural".From the perspective of academic history,the academic framework of the discipline theory’s"concept,behavior and product"and the methodological paradigm framework of"concept,academic tradition,and method"have been gradually formed in the long-term development and academic integration of ethnology and ethnomusicology.