金元四大家论治厥证

Discussion on Syncope by Four Great Doctors in Jin and Yuan Dynasties

金元四大家论治厥证各具特色,刘完素侧重于论治真热假寒的阳厥证,提出病热甚则厥,主张以寒药养阴退阳治厥;张从正侧重于论治因实邪所致的厥证,善用涌吐攻邪,兼以温补治疗;李东垣从脾胃内伤角度论治厥证,治以益气健脾,升阳散火,补充了仲景外感致厥的论述;朱丹溪集众家之所长,总结厥证以气虚为主,内伤杂病及感受外邪均可致厥,治疗上以“气、血、痰、郁”为辨证纲领,因证施治。四大医家论治厥证均是在继承《黄帝内经》和《伤寒杂病论》的基础上,提出了各自不同的学术观点,共同促进完善了厥证的辨证论治。

The four great doctors in Jin and Yuan dynasties each had their own characteristics of treating syncope.Liu Wansu focused on the treatment of Yang syncope;he suggested that if the disease was very hot,it would cause syncope,and the disease should be treated with cold medicine to nourish yin and remove yang.Zhang Congzheng focused on the treatment of syncope caused by real evil;he was good at using emetic method to attack the pathogenic factors,and warming supplementation treatment.Li Dongyuan discussed the pathogeny of syncope from the perspective of internal injury of spleen and stomach;his treatment involved qi and spleen invigorating,increasing yang and dispersing fire methods.;this theory complemented Zhang Zhongjing’s external evils syncope.Zhu Danxi collected all the doctors’opinions and concluded that the main cause of syncope was qi deficiency;besides,internal injury,miscellaneous diseases and external evils could all cause syncope;in his treatment,“qi,blood and phlegm depression”was the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment.On the basis of inheriting the Huangdi Neijing and Shanghan Zabing Lun,the four doctors had put forward their different academic viewpoints to jointly promote and improve the dialectical treatment of syncope.