基于时域高阶统计量的变速箱异响分析方法

A Novel Method of Gearbox Abnormal Noise Based on High-order Statistics in Time Domain

齿轮的rattle噪声通常发生在怠速时,由于拖拉机本身噪声较大,变速箱结构复杂,导致rattle噪声在时频图中难以分辨,尤其是对于小马力拖拉机。鉴于此,提出了一种基于时域高阶统计量的变速箱rattle噪声分析方法。实验证明,该方法能够明显地观测到变速箱rattle噪声的特征,通过Hilbert包络谱分析可以定位到具体的轴和齿轮,从而对拖拉机变速箱的齿轮rattle噪声提供重要的理论依据。根据分析结果对某拖拉机增加了扭转减震器,明显改善了拖拉机的低速rattle噪声。

Tractors usually make a lot of noise and the structure of gearbox is complex.The rattle noise of gears usually occurs at idle speed.Therefore,it is difficult to distinguish the rattle information in time-frequency map especially for the small-horsepower tractor.This paper introduces the mechanism of gear rattle firstly.Then a novel method based on high order statistics in time domain is proposed for the diagnosis of gear rattle noise.The proposed method can accurately represent the feature information of gear rattle.Then,Hilbert envelope spectra can be used to locate specific shafts and gears,which is of great significance to provide important theoretical reference for the rattle noise of tractor gearbox.