“套路贷”犯罪行为模式与罪数研究

A Study on the Criminal Behavior Patterns and the Number of Crimes of“Trick Loans”

“套路贷”犯罪作为一种由民间借贷“变异”而来的新型犯罪,近年来呈现出日益猖獗的态势,并伴随有手段类型多样、过程连贯、牵涉罪名繁多等特点。为严厉惩处该类犯罪,两高两部于2019年4月9日联合发布了《关于办理“套路贷”刑事案件若干问题的意见》,但其中关于罪数的问题规定模糊,容易在实务中出现操作困难、判罚不一的情形。而解决此问题的关键在于厘清“套路贷”行为的性质与组合模式,在此基础上结合罪数理论得出应“择一重罪论处”或“数罪并罚”的结论。

The crime of“trick loans”,as a new type of crime“mutated”from private lending,has shown an increasingly rampant trend in recent years,accompanied by various types of means,coherent process,various charges involved and so on.In order to severely punish this kind of crime,on April 9,2019,the Supreme People’s Court,the Supreme People’s Procuratorate,the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the Opinions on Handling“Trick Loan”Criminal Cases,but the provisions herein on the number of crimes are vague,resulting in the difficulties in operation and inconsistencies in sentencing in practice.The key to solving this problem lies in clarifying the nature and combination mode of“trick loan”behaviors,so as to draw the conclusion of“choosing a heavier punishment for the most serious crime”or“combined punishment for several crimes”based on the number of crimes theory.