不同家系松浦镜鲤生长性能比较及优良家系选择

Comparison of Growth Performance and Selection of Excellent Families in Songpu Mirror Carp

在越冬前(145 d)、越冬后(332 d)和越冬后2个月(392 d),对同池、同条件养殖的36个家系(1287尾)松浦镜鲤Cyprinus carpio L.的体质量(body weight,BW)和越冬体质量损失率(overwintering weight loss rate,WLR)性状进行比较,以筛选生长性能优良的家系。结果显示,在3个检测时段,松浦镜鲤的BW和WLR的总体家系效应均达到了极显著水平(P<0.01),不同家系BW和WLR的最小二乘均值多重比较显示,BW145表现优良的家系为F36、F25、F31、F32和F34,BW332表现优良的家系为F36、F16、F25、F30、F31、F32和F34,BW392表现优良的家系为F36、F16、F30和F21;WLR表现优良的家系为F16、F30和F21。上述结果表明,各家系在3个检测时段生长表现并不完全一致,仅凭越冬前后的体质量性状进行选择可能会遗漏后期生长表现优良的个体;WLR适于作为越冬后生长潜力的评价指标,但最好与越冬后体质量性状相结合进行综合选择。

Body weight(BW)and overwintering weight loss rate(WLR)of a total of 1287 individuals from 36 families of Songpu mirror carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)cultured in the same pond with the same conditions were compared to screen families with excellent growth performance at ages 145(before overwintering), 332(after overwintering)and 392(2 months after overwintering)days. It was found that there were significant overall family effects on BW and WLR in three test periods(P < 0.01). Multiple comparisons of the least squares means of different families showed that the best-performing were found in families F36, F25, F31, F32 and F34 for BW145, F36, F16, F25, F30, F31, F32 and F34 for BW332, F36, F16, F30 and F21 for BW392, and F16, F30 and F21 for WLR. These findings indicate that not all fish in each family have the completely consistent growth performance at three test periods, and that selection based solely on body weight traits before and after overwintering may lead to omit individuals with excellent late growth potential in Songpu mirror carp. WLR is shown to be suitable as an indicator of growth potential after overwintering, but it is best to combine with BW after overwintering.