流浪的精神分裂症患者应对方式和人格特征分析

Analysis on coping style and personality characteristics in homeless patients with schizophrenia

目的:探讨流浪的精神分裂症患者应对方式和人格特征。方法:对3967例流浪精神分裂症患者(流浪组)和3734例非流浪精神分裂症患者(非流浪组)进行应对方式问卷(CSQ)和艾森克人格简式问卷(EPQ-RSC)调查和分析。结果:与非流浪组相比,流浪组CSQ中的解决问题、求助及合理化评分低,自责、幻想、退避评分高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01);EPQ-RSC中的外向性评分低,神经质、精神质评分高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。流浪组性别间比较显示,相比男性患者,女性患者外向性、神经质、精神质、退避、自责、幻想和合理化评分更高,解决问题、求助评分更低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。两组CSQ与EPQ-RSC中各维度评分间均存在相关性(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:流浪的精神分裂症患者尤其是女性患者的应对方式更为不良,人格缺陷更明显,且彼此影响。

Objective:To explore coping style and personality characteristics in homeless patients with schizophrenia.Method:A survey of Coping Style Questionnaires(CSQ)and Eysenck Personality Short Form Questionnaire(EPQ-RSC)was conducted on 3967 homeless patients with schizophrenia(homeless group)and 3734 non-homeless patients with schizophrenia(non-homeless group).Results:Compared with the non-homeless group,the homeless group tended to have lower problem-solving,help-seeking and rationalizations scores,and higher self-blame,fantasy and avoidance scores in the CSQ scale;their differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).The score of extraversion in EPQ-RSC was lower,neuroticism and psychoticism were higher;the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.01).Compared with male patients in the homeless group,female patients had higher scores on extroversion,neuroticism,psychoticism,self-blame,fantasy and rationalization,and lower scores on problem-solving and help-seeking(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CSQ scores were all correlated with scores of each dimension of EPQ-RSC(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Homeless schizophrenics,especially female patients,have worse coping styles and more personality defects which in turn influence each other.