新型冠状病毒疫情下恐慌情绪调查与影响因素分析

Investigation and analysis on panic emotion and its influencing factors under novel coronavirus pneumonia

目的:调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情爆发初期公众恐慌的发生率与相关影响因素。方法:自编疫情下忧虑与信念问卷,以在线匿名调查方式收集信息。结果:共计1086名有效应答,其中担忧自己患COVID-19及害怕患病后会死亡或被隔离的公众比例均高于50%,对战胜疫情、防控措施有信心者超过70%,认为疫情持续会超过3个月者占23.6%,表示疫情后将更健康积极生活者达到97.9%。担忧自己会患COVID-19的应答者中,害怕死亡与被隔离者也更多(P<0.01)。害怕死亡与害怕被隔离与自我对疾病控制的信心、对疫情持续时间的预计相关,与对防控措施的信心及对政府协调的信任度无关(P>0.05)。Logistic回归显示死亡恐慌与年龄呈正相关,隔离恐慌与今后更健康生活规划呈负相关。结论:COVID-19疫情下公众对死亡与隔离的恐慌很普遍,自我内在的信心与信念是其保护因素。

Objective:To investigate the public panic incidence and related factors during the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Method:A self-compiled questionnaire on epidemic worries and beliefs was used to collect information through online anonymous surveys.Results:A total of 1086 respondents were adopted.More than 50%participants worried about being infected by COVID-19 or would die or be quarantined after getting COVID-19;and more than 70%were confident in the current management measures to prevent and control the disease taken by government and professionals;23.6%thought the outbreak would last for more than 3 months;and 97.9%said they would live healthier lifestyle after the outbreak.Respondents who feared they would have COVID-19 were also more likely to fear death and quarantine(P<0.01).Fear of death and quarantine were correlated with the self-confidence in disease control and expectation,but not related to confidence in prevention and control measures and trust in government coordination(P>0.05).Logistic regression showed that death fear was associated with age,and quarantine fear was associated with the future plan for a healthier life.Conclusion:At the first stage of the COVID-19 outbreak,public fear on death and quarantine was common.The fear was negatively associated with individuals'inner confidence and belief.