美国医生薪酬制度及启示

Understanding and Enlightenment from Salary System of Doctors in the United States

美国医生的薪酬水平受到经验、知识、专业复杂性等10大要素的影响,各个要素根据其重要程度的不同,影响和决定着医生的工资水平。医生的薪酬包括基本工资和法定的各项奖金、非现金福利补贴等。从历年的数据来看,卫生行业人员的薪酬多居于社会各行业中等以上水平,其中医生收入在各职业中均居前列。以美国联邦退役军人部医疗系统的薪酬制度为例,其医生薪酬水平主要由专业类型、岗位等级、工龄和就业地区四个因素决定,由联邦政府统一规定且得到立法保护。美国的实践说明,改革医院薪酬制度,应提高医生平均薪酬水平,加大医疗服务质量在薪酬分配中的作用,重视非经济性薪酬的激励作用。

The salary level of doctors in the United States is influenced by ten factors,such as experience,knowledge and professional complexity.Each factor influences and determines the salary level ofdoctors according to their importance.Doctors'salary includes basic salary,legal bonus,noncashwelfare allowance,etc.According to the data over the years,the salary of the personnel engaged inthe health industry is mostly above the medium level in all sectors of the society,and the incomeof doctors ranks first in all occupations.Taking the medical system of the U.S.Department ofVeterans as an example,the salary level of doctors is mainly determined by four factors,includingprofessional type,post grade,length of service and employment area,which are regulated by thefederal government and protected by legislation.The practice of the United States shows that,inorder to reform the hospital salary system,we should improve the average salary level of doctors,increase the role of medical service quality in salary distribution,and pay attention to the incentiverole of noneconomic salary.