动态应力触发研究进展

A Review of Seismic Dynamic Stress Triggering

本文从库仑破裂应力与动态应力触发原理、观测事实与研究现状以及存在的问题与展望等3个方面介绍了动态应力触发的研究进展。其中,在主震对余震活动、强震对后续远场地震活动、不同破裂类型的地震之间及强震对火山(泥火山)的动态应力触发作用、一次大地震中子事件之间的动态应力触发关系以及动态应力触发的时间延迟等方面进行了详细讨论。分析认为,动态应力触发理论在解释震后余震分布、远程触发以及对火山触发性喷发等方面得到了较好的结果;动态应力触发可能会受断层破裂方式和方向的影响;大地震中子事件之间的动态应力触发关系对震源研究有重要意义;动态应力触发现象普遍存在时间延迟。

In this paper we give a presentation about the development of seismic dynamic stress triggering on three aspects:the Coulomb failure stress and theory of seismic dynamic stress triggering,the observational facts and research status,and the problems in research and prospect about seismic dynamic stress triggering.Especially,we make a detailed discussion on the following questions:the triggering effects of seismic dynamic Coulomb failure stress changes on aftershocks,the triggering effects on following remote independent events,the triggering effects of different earthquake types,the triggering effects of volcanoes(mud volcanoes),the triggering relationships between different subevents,and the time delay of seismic dynamic stress triggering.Our results suggest that dynamic stress triggering theory is good in explaining the distribution of aftershocks,triggering remote events and volcanos.We also find that dynamic stress triggering may be affected by the types and directions of faults'rupture,the triggering relationships between different subevents is significant for studying the source of earthquakes,and there is ubiquity of time delay in dynamic stress triggering.