有机肥与化肥配施对菠萝蜜幼苗光合及养分吸收的影响

Effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on photosynthesis and nutrient uptake of jackfruit seedlings

为探究有机肥与化肥配施对菠萝蜜幼苗光合及养分吸收的影响,以马来西亚1号菠萝蜜嫁接苗为试验材料,共设CK(不施肥)、100CF(100%化肥)、30OM(30%有机肥+70%化肥)、50OM(50%有机肥+50%化肥)、70OM(70%有机肥+30%化肥)、100OM(100%有机肥)6个处理,比较不同施肥方式下菠萝蜜幼苗光合及养分吸收累积差异。结果表明:随着有机肥施用比例的增加,净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率呈先增加后降低的趋势,气孔限制值变化趋势相反,其中70OM处理的净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率最高,气孔限制值最低。与不施肥和施纯化肥相比,增施有机肥整体上促进了菠萝蜜幼苗生物量积累及氮磷钾养分的吸收积累,其中叶片氮磷钾含量在30OM处理时达到最大值,随着有机肥施用比例的增加出现下降趋势。氮磷钾养分累积量与菠萝蜜幼苗生物量积累呈显著正相关。有机-无机配施能够促进养分的吸收利用,增强光合作用,从而促进菠萝蜜生长。

In order to explore the effects of combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on photosynthesis and nutrient absorption of jackfruit seedlings,Malaysian No.1 grafted seedlings was used as test materials.Six treatments were installed,i.e.,CK(no fertilization),100CF(100%chemical fertilization),30OM(30%organic fertilizer plus 70%chemical fertilization),50OM(50%organic fertilizer plus 50%chemical fertilization),70OM(70%organic fertilizer plus 30%chemical fertilization),100OM(100%organic fertilizer).The effects of different fertilization methods on photosynthesis and nutrient absorption and accumulation of jackfruit seedlings were compared.The results showed that,with the increase of organic fertilizer,the parameters include net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci)and transpiration rate(Tr)of jackfruit increased at first and then decreased,while the stomatal inhibition(Ls)changed on the contrary.Among them,the values of Pn,Gs,Ci and Tr in 70OM treatment were the highest,while the value of Ls was the lowest.Compared with no fertilizer and pure chemical fertilizer,the application of organic fertilizer promoted the biomass accumulation and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption and accumulation of jackfruit seedlings as a whole.The content of N,P and K in leaves reached the maximum under 30OM treatment,and decreased with the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer application.The accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium was positively correlated with the biomass accumulation of jackfruit seedlings.Organic-inorganic application can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients and enhance photosynthesis,so as to promote the growth of jackfruit seedlings.