政党意识形态视角下的以色列工党兴衰分析

On the Rise and Fall of Israel Labor Party form the Perspective of Ideology Transformation

作为以色列的建国政党,以色列工党曾连续执政多年。1977年议会大选失利后,以色列工党的政治地位开始衰落。21世纪以来,以色列工党始终无法赢得议会大选,且得票率和议席数屡创新低,衰落态势加剧。为扭转颓势,以色列工党采取的关键举措之一是在意识形态层面从劳工犹太复国主义转向后劳工犹太复国主义,这也是该政党对其政治地位衰落所作出的重要回应。可以说,意识形态的转变既折射出社会环境剧变、原有政策弊端凸显且趋于失灵、政党组织力量削弱等引发以色列工党政治地位衰落的问题,也揭示了以色列工党寻求复兴所面临的一系列挑战,包括如何适应社会剧变、推进意识形态理论建设、恢复自身组织力量等。

As the founding party of Israel,Israel Labor Party had been in power for many years.After the defeat of the parliamentary election in 1977,the political status of Israel Labor Party began to decline.Israel Labor Party has never been able to win the parliamentary election in the 21st century,and the number of votes and seats has repeatedly hit record lows,and its decline has intensified.One of the key measures taken by Israel Labor Party in response to the decline of its political status was to shift its ideology from labor Zionism to post-labor Zionism.It can be said that the change in ideology not only reflects the drastic changes in the social environment,the obvious and tending to failure of the previous policy,and the weakening of party organization,which has caused the decline of the party's political arena,but also reveals a series of challenges faced by Israel Labor Party's political revival,which include how to adapt to the drastic changes in society,advance the construction of ideological theories,and restore its own organizational strength.