X射线荧光光谱在矿石分析中的应用评介—总论

Review on the application of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry in ores′analysis

矿石因其种类繁多、成分复杂和元素含量差异悬殊而成为地质分析的一大难题。作者收集各类矿石分析方法文献726篇,在此基础上主要以列表方式按黑色金属、有色金属、稀有稀土稀散金属、能源矿产和非金属矿石5大类介绍了X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析在数十种矿石中应用的文献概况,从分析方法研究的基础条件和各类矿石分析方法类型、特点和文献量等进行了介绍和评介,也依据XRF分析仪器及技术的发展和目前在我国矿石分析中的应用现状提出了XRF在各类矿石分析中更广泛应用的发展建议。其中的黑色金属矿石包括铁矿石、锰矿石、铬铁矿及钛铁矿石和钒钛磁铁矿石,涉及文献177篇;有色金属矿石包括铝土矿石、钴镍铜铅锌矿石、钨钼矿石、锡锑铋汞矿石和多金属矿石,涉及文献186篇;稀有稀土稀散金属矿石包括稀土、铌钽、锆石和稀散金属矿石,涉及文献67篇;能源矿产包括煤、煤灰、石盐和油页岩,涉及文献40篇;非金属矿石包括碳酸盐类、磷酸盐类、硫化矿及硫酸盐类、氟化物矿石、镁及硅镁酸盐类、硅及硅铝酸盐类、岩盐卤水类和宝玉石9类非金属矿石,涉及文献257篇。作为矿石分析总论旨在以文献为基础框架展现XRF分析技术在我国各类矿石分析应用的基本概况,给读者一个全貌。而对XRF在各矿种矿石分析中应用的更具体评介将陆续发表,XRF在铁矿石、铬铁矿石和铜矿石分析中的应用评介已于2019年刊于《冶金分析》。

There were many kinds of ores with complex matrix compositions,which was a big problem in geological analysis.726 papers on ores′analysis methods were collected in the paper.According to the five ores′categories of ferrous ores,non-ferrous ores,critical ores,energy minerals and non-metallic ores,the paper introduced the literatures distribution of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF)in dozens of ores.A brief review on various ore analysis methods was made and development suggestions were put forward according to the technical development of XRF and the current application in ores′analysis in China.Among them,there were 177 references on ferrous ores,including iron ores,manganese ores,chromite,ilmenite and vanadic titanomagnetite ores;186 references on nonferrous ores,including bauxite,cobalt nickel copper lead zinc ores,tungsten molybdenum ores,tin antimony bismuth mercury ores and polymetallic ores;67 references on rare scattered gold ores,including rare earth,niobium tantalum,zircon and rare scattered metal ores;energy mineral package.Including 40 papers on coal,coal ash,rock salt and oil shale;257 papers on nine kinds of non-metallic ores,including carbonate,phosphate,sulfide and sulfate,fluoride ores,magnesium and silicomagnetate,silicon and silicoaluminate,rock salt brine and gemstone.The general idea of ores′analysis could give readers a complete picture.There was a framework based on the literature of XRF applied in various kinds of ores′analysis in China.More specific comments on the application of XRF in the analysis of various ores would be published in succession.In 2019,there had been three reviews on the application of XRF in the analysis of iron ores,chromite ores and copper ores,which were published in Metallurgical Analysis.