X射线荧光光谱在地球化学调查中的应用评介

Review on the application of X-ray fluorescencespectrometry in geochemical suvey

中国的勘查地球化学在过去40年间走到了国际最前端,极大地带动了中国地质分析技术的发展,尤其是X射线荧光光谱(XRF)分析技术的应用水平得到了迅速发展和提高。作者记述了XRF分析技术在全国地球化学勘查(“化探扫面”)39个元素、多目标地球化学调查54个元素(指标)和国际地球化学填图76个元素分析3个配套方案中所发挥的重要作用、成果及其意义。在中国30多年的各类地球化学调查样品分析中,XRF提交的数以亿计的高质量数据是几代一线XRF工作者做出的令地球化学和分析化学家都惊叹的历史性贡献。文章收集和评介了1984—2018年间XRF在地球化学调查样品主、次、痕量多元素分析方面文献47篇,以列表方式统计了所用仪器、制样方法、校准与基体校正方法、测定组分及代表性元素的检出限等要点,其中测定组分超过30种的有15篇文献。对28篇方法研究及少数痕量分析文献也做了简述,最后评介了地球化学调查分析成果在地质分析技术发展中的意义,特别强调分析方法的整合与集成、标准与质量监控方法的统一和全国地质实验室的协调运作等措施为以后解决地质工作中的重大地质分析问题提供了宝贵经验。全篇引文129篇。

Chinese exploration geochemistry had researched the forefront of the world in the past 40 years,which had greatly promoted the development of geological analysis technology in China,and especially the application level of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF)had been rapidly developed and improved.The paper described the important role,achievements and significance of XRF in the three supporting schemes of 39 elements in national geochemical exploration,54 elements(indicators)in multi-objective geochemical survey and 76 elements analysis in international geochemical mapping.In the analysis of geochemical survey samples in China for more than 30 years,hundreds of millions of high-quality data submitted by XRF were the historical contributions made by several generations of first-line XRF scientists and workers that had amazed both geochemists and analytical chemists.The paper collected and reviewed 47 literatures on the analysis of major,minor and trace elements in geochemical investigation samples by XRF analysis from 1984 to 2018.The key points of methods,such as instruments,the sample preparation method,calibration and matrix correction,determined components,limits of detection for representative elements,were listed in table form.Among them,15 papers reported more than 30 components.In addition,28 methods and a few references on trace analysis were reviewed.In the end,the significance of geochemical survey and analysis results in the development of geological analysis technology was reviewed,especially the integration of analytical methods,the unification of standards and quality control methods,and the coordinated operation of national geological laboratories,etc.,which provided a treasure for solving the major geological analysis problems in geological work in the future.There were 129 citations in the paper.