2017—2019年某医院急诊科734例儿童意外伤害临床特征分析

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of 734 children with accidental injuries in the emergency department of a hospital from 2017 to 2019

目的通过分析急诊科诊治的儿童意外伤害特征,为更好地诊治儿童意外伤害提供科学依据。方法本研究纳入2017年1月1日至2019年12月31日某医院急诊科诊治的意外伤害患儿作为研究对象,患儿年龄为0~14岁。根据ICD-10进行病因分析。分析纳入患儿意外伤害临床特征。结果本研究共纳入734例儿童意外伤害病例,男童416例(56.7%),女童318例(43.3%),年龄为(7.2±2.4)岁。不同年龄组分布构成为:0~岁组占比35.3%、1~岁组占比25.2%、6~岁组占比21.5%、11~14岁组占比18.0%。导致意外伤害原因前3位是:坠落/跌倒(16.2%)、气管异物(13.6%)、交通事故(13.6%)。头面部、四肢、躯干、复合性受伤占比分别为:19.2%、30.4%、31.3%、19.1%。结论某医院急诊科儿童意外伤害以坠落/跌倒、气管异物、交通事故为主,为此应根据儿童意外伤害多发的原因制定干预措施,减少意外伤害的发生。

Objective To provide scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of children′s accidental injury by analyzing the characteristics of children′s accidental injury in the emergency department.Methods Children with accidental injuries were included in this study from January 1,2017 to December 31,2019.The age of the children was 0-14 years old.The etiology was analyzed according to ICD-10.The clinical characteristics of external injury were analyzed.Results Totally 734 children with accidental injuries were included in this study,416 cases(56.7%)in boys and 318 cases(43.3%)in girls,with an average age of 7.2±2.4 years old.The distribution composition of different age groups:35.3%in the less than one year group,25.2%in the 1-5 year group,21.5%in the 6-10 year group and 18.0%in the 11-14 year group.The top three causes of accidental injury were fall(16.2%),foreign body in trachea(13.6%),traffic accident(13.6%).The proportion of head and face,limbs,trunk and compound injuries were 19.2%,30.4%,31.3%and 19.1%respectively.Conclusion Fall,foreign body in trachea and traffic accident are the main causes of children′s accidental injury in the emergency department of the hospital.Thus,the intervention measures should be formulated according to the causes of children′s accidental injuries to reduce the occurrence of accidental injuries.