钱塘江强潮河口排涝闸现状、问题及应对措施

Problems and countermeasures on drainage sluices of macrotidal-dominated Qiantang River Estuary

目前钱塘江河口沿线的挡潮排涝闸以内凹式布置为主,闸室宽度规模约为闸上河道宽度的0.60~0.85。由于钱塘江河口所具有的强涌潮和高含沙量特性,容易造成闸下淤积,局部淘刷严重;加上闸上河道配套规模偏小,从而影响了排涝闸排涝能力的充分发挥。针对上述问题,结合多年工作实践经验和前人的研究成果,提出了在闸前增设调蓄设施、闸轴线与堤线一字型布置等技术。上述措施可以在确保工程安全的前提下,有效地提高排涝闸的排涝能力,有利于提高区域的防灾减灾能力,为当地社会和经济发展提供防洪安全保障。研究成果可为感潮河口排涝闸等类似工程的设计提供参考。

At present,the drainage sluices along the Qiantang River estuary are mainly concave on the seawall,the width of sluice is only about 0.60~0.85 of the width of upper channel.Due to the strong tidal and high sediment concentration characteristics at the Qiantang River estuary,it is easy to cause serious siltation under the sluice,and the local scouring is serious.Moreover,the scale of upper river reach is usually insufficient to give full play to the drainage function of these sluices.To solve these problems,combined with author's practical experiences and previous research results,it was proposed to set additional storage facilities before the sluice,and the sluice axis was placed in line with the embankment line.It can effectively improve the drainage capacity of the drainage sluice while ensuring the safety of the project,and it is conducive to improve the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation in the region,and provide guarantee for local social and economic development.The results can be used as reference for the design of similar tidal estuary drainage sluices.