淮河中游2003年型洪水调度探讨

Discussion on flood dispatching in middle of Huaihe River based on flood in 2003

为了优化淮河中游河道、行蓄洪区和分洪河道等防洪工程联合调度方案,基于中常洪水演变规律,建立了淮河中游洪河口至小柳巷段河道一、二维耦合水动力模型。以2003年洪水为例,在现状和规划工况条件下,模拟了淮河中游行蓄洪区和分洪河道启用数量与次序对洪峰水位和洪水历时的影响。结果表明:①在现状条件下,启用相同数量的分洪措施,经调度方案优化后的河道沿程计算水位较实测值更低,高水位历时较实测值更短;②在规划条件下,仅启用蒙洼蓄洪区和姜唐湖行洪区就可以使大部分河段水位低于保证水位,表明淮河干流行蓄洪区调整和河道整治工程效果显著。在2003年洪水调度的基础上,提出淮河中游行蓄洪区和分洪河道调度应采取依次启用本河段、上游河段和下游河段的分洪措施,并结合先分洪、后行洪、再蓄洪的思路开展调度。

In order to optimize the joint operation scheme of flood control projects such as river channel,flood detention area and flood diversion channel,etc,a one-two dimensional coupled hydrodynamic numerical model from Honghekou to Xiaoliuxiang of Huaihe River was established on the basis of evolution law of the middle regular flood.Taking the 2003 flood as an example,the influence of number and sequence of using flood control projects on flood peak water level and flood duration were simulated under the current and planned conditions.The results showed that①under the current conditions and the same number of flood diversion measures in service,the calculated water level was lower than that in 2003 and the duration of high water level was shorter than that in 2003 by taking dispatch scheme optimization.②Under the planning condition,the water level in most reaches was lower than the guaranteed value just by putting Mengwa detention area and Jiangtanghu flooding area into operation,demonstrating that the effect of the river regulation and flood-detention adjustment would be significant.On the basis of typical flood regulation in 2003,the regulation principles of flood detention area and flood diversion channel were put forward as follow:the using sequence of flood diversion measures should be at this section first,then upstream reach and downstream reach last,besides,putting flood diversion into operation firstly,then flooding routing measures,and flood detention last.