《雷雨》的虚无者形象建构及其文化意蕴

The Constructed Image of Nihilist and Cultural Implication in The Storm

“虚无者”形象即曹禺所言的“一个美丽的空形”的置入是《雷雨》悲剧引发的深层原因。通过否定道德伦理、否定人生价值与存在意义、追求感观享乐等形式建构的周萍形象,在时代与家庭的双重背景中表现出与其身份极不相符的迷惘、恐惧、焦虑、痛苦、颓废与绝望。置于比较视野下,周萍的虚无思想指向的是一类青年群体的生存困境和精神危机——既呈现出某种个体化的自我撕裂,又代表了传统文化的承接错位和传统家族体制的涣散。“虚无长子”和“死亡长子”的提出,更凸显了作者对中国传统文化的价值重估与现实叩问。

The implantation of the image of nihilist,what Cao Yu called as“a beautiful empty form”,is the essential cause of the tragedy in The Storm.Zhou Ping’s image is constructed by negating moral ethics,denying the value of life and existence,and pursuing sensory pleasure,showing his nihilistic idea which is not consistent with his identity such as confusion,fear,anxiety,pain,decadence,despair and so forth,against the double background of the time and his family.From the perspective of comparison,Zhou Ping’s nihilistic thought points to the survival predicament and spiritual crisis of the youth group,which not only presents a kind of individualized self tearing,but also represents the inherited dislocation of traditional culture and the disintegration of traditional family system.The proposal of“the nihilistic eldest son”and“the dying eldest son”highlights the author’s reassessment and realistic inquiry of traditional Chinese culture.