难熔金属合金及其高温抗氧化涂层研究现状与展望

Review and prospect of refractory metal alloys and high temperature oxidation resistance coatings

难熔金属合金具有熔点高、高温强度高和加工性能良好等优点,被广泛用于航空航天、核工业等领域,但其高温抗氧化性能较差,涂覆高温抗氧化涂层是解决难熔金属合金热/氧防护问题的有效方式。概述钼、铌、钽、钨、铼等五种难熔金属合金国内外常用合金牌号及其主要性能,总结这五种难熔金属合金的高温抗氧化涂层常用体系、制备方法及其高温抗氧化性能,并提出多组元成分设计、复合梯度结构设计以及制备方法组合优化将是涂层研发的发展方向,有望逐步满足难熔金属合金各类热端部件的高温防护需求。

Due to high melting point,excellent mechanical properties and workability,refractory metals have been become the attractive materials for modern industry and aerospace applications.However,the refractory metals always exhibit rather poor oxidation resistance at high temperature.It has been proved that the method of coating is an effective route to improve the oxidation/thermal resistance of refractory metals.This work reviews the designations and properties of five kinds refractory metal alloys,including molybdenum(Mo),niobium(Nb),tantalum(Ta),tungsten(W)and rhenium(Re).The common systems,preparation methods and high temperature oxidation resistance of these refractory metal alloy coatings were summarized.It suggests that multiple composition design,gradient structure and advanced preparation methods will be the direction of coating research and development,which is expected to gradually meet the high-temperature protection requirements of all kinds of hot end parts of refractory metal alloy.